6)ELECTROMAGNETIC MECHANISMS

Electromagnetic mechanisms are devices that convert movement into electricity or vice versa.In other words, they use electromagnetic phenomena to produce electricity or convert it into mechanical energy.

ELECTROMAGNETIC GENERATORS

Electromagnetic generators transform mechanical energy into electricity.There are two types of generators, depending on the type of current that is produced.Generators that produce direct current are called dynamos, and those that produce direct current are called dynamos, and those that produce alternating current are called alternators.

DYNAMOS

A dynamo consists of a magnet and a rotary coil.The coal is located between the two poles of the magnet.The ends of the coil have two semi-circular conductors, which form the commutator.These conductors are attached to carbon brushes, which in turn are connected to electrical wires.When electricity is applied to the coil, rotates and begins to generate direct current in the coil.

A simple dynamo with only one coil produces a pulsating direct current.If the dynamo has two or more coils at different angles, a more constant flow of direct current is produced.

In this video, we can watch the functioning of a dynamo: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RMM-TVtmRgQ

ALTERNATORS

A simple alternator is almost identical to a dynamo, except for the commutator, which constists of two metallic rings connected to carbon brushes. Instead of direct current, this produces alternating current.

ELECTRIC MOTORS

An electric motor is a device that can transform electrical energy into movement.It uses the forces of attraction and repulsion between a magnet and an electrically-charged wire.

In this video, we can watch the working of electrical motor: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DA6FdbpSefU

RELAYS

A relay is an electromagnetic component that works as a switch. When electricity passes through the coil, it acts like a magnet. The coil attracts a moveable metal contact towards another fixed contact.When the electricity stops flowing, the moveable contact goes back to its original position.

Relays may have a single circuit with one moveable contact.They may also have two or four circuits, in which case they are called two-or four-pole relays.